In order to demonstrate programming under sanos I have made a simple web server demo. This sample is deliberately kept simple and lacks many important features you might want from a real web server. It is a single threaded server with only minimal error checking and it only handles the most basic aspects of the HTTP protocol. You can take a look at the httpd server implementation in sanos for a more scalable and robust HTTP server implementation.
However, I hope this little sample web sever with only 200 lines of code demonstrates some of the the basic programming style used for programming sanos server applications. As can be seen from the source code below, it is fairly standard C code. The code is very similar to other POSIX applications. In fact, it can compile under Linux without any changes.
The simplest way to try it out is to use the sanos SDK to compile webserver.c under sanos:
/$ cd /usr/src /usr/src$ httpget www.jbox.dk /downloads/webserver.c webserver.c Received 5808 bytes in 130 ms (44 KB/s) /usr/src$ cc webserver.c /usr/src$ webserver & [process 18 started] HTTP server listening on port 80 /usr/src$ _
//
// webserver.c
//
// Simple HTTP server sample for sanos
//
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define SERVER "webserver/1.0"
#define PROTOCOL "HTTP/1.0"
#define RFC1123FMT "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT"
#define PORT 80
char *get_mime_type(char *name) {
char *ext = strrchr(name, '.');
if (!ext) return NULL;
if (strcmp(ext, ".html") == 0 || strcmp(ext, ".htm") == 0) return "text/html";
if (strcmp(ext, ".jpg") == 0 || strcmp(ext, ".jpeg") == 0) return "image/jpeg";
if (strcmp(ext, ".gif") == 0) return "image/gif";
if (strcmp(ext, ".png") == 0) return "image/png";
if (strcmp(ext, ".css") == 0) return "text/css";
if (strcmp(ext, ".au") == 0) return "audio/basic";
if (strcmp(ext, ".wav") == 0) return "audio/wav";
if (strcmp(ext, ".avi") == 0) return "video/x-msvideo";
if (strcmp(ext, ".mpeg") == 0 || strcmp(ext, ".mpg") == 0) return "video/mpeg";
if (strcmp(ext, ".mp3") == 0) return "audio/mpeg";
return NULL;
}
void send_headers(FILE *f, int status, char *title, char *extra, char *mime,
int length, time_t date) {
time_t now;
char timebuf[128];
fprintf(f, "%s %d %s\r\n", PROTOCOL, status, title);
fprintf(f, "Server: %s\r\n", SERVER);
now = time(NULL);
strftime(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), RFC1123FMT, gmtime(&now));
fprintf(f, "Date: %s\r\n", timebuf);
if (extra) fprintf(f, "%s\r\n", extra);
if (mime) fprintf(f, "Content-Type: %s\r\n", mime);
if (length >= 0) fprintf(f, "Content-Length: %d\r\n", length);
if (date != -1) {
strftime(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), RFC1123FMT, gmtime(&date));
fprintf(f, "Last-Modified: %s\r\n", timebuf);
}
fprintf(f, "Connection: close\r\n");
fprintf(f, "\r\n");
}
void send_error(FILE *f, int status, char *title, char *extra, char *text) {
send_headers(f, status, title, extra, "text/html", -1, -1);
fprintf(f, "<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>%d %s</TITLE></HEAD>\r\n", status, title);
fprintf(f, "<BODY><H4>%d %s</H4>\r\n", status, title);
fprintf(f, "%s\r\n", text);
fprintf(f, "</BODY></HTML>\r\n");
}
void send_file(FILE *f, char *path, struct stat *statbuf) {
char data[4096];
int n;
FILE *file = fopen(path, "r");
if (!file) {
send_error(f, 403, "Forbidden", NULL, "Access denied.");
} else {
int length = S_ISREG(statbuf->st_mode) ? statbuf->st_size : -1;
send_headers(f, 200, "OK", NULL, get_mime_type(path), length, statbuf->st_mtime);
while ((n = fread(data, 1, sizeof(data), file)) > 0) fwrite(data, 1, n, f);
fclose(file);
}
}
int process(FILE *f) {
char buf[4096];
char *method;
char *path;
char *protocol;
struct stat statbuf;
char pathbuf[4096];
int len;
if (!fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) return -1;
printf("URL: %s", buf);
method = strtok(buf, " ");
path = strtok(NULL, " ");
protocol = strtok(NULL, "\r");
if (!method || !path || !protocol) return -1;
fseek(f, 0, SEEK_CUR); // Force change of stream direction
if (strcasecmp(method, "GET") != 0) {
send_error(f, 501, "Not supported", NULL, "Method is not supported.");
} else if (stat(path, &statbuf) < 0) {
send_error(f, 404, "Not Found", NULL, "File not found.");
} else if (S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) {
len = strlen(path);
if (len == 0 || path[len - 1] != '/') {
snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "Location: %s/", path);
send_error(f, 302, "Found", pathbuf, "Directories must end with a slash.");
} else {
snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "%sindex.html", path);
if (stat(pathbuf, &statbuf) >= 0) {
send_file(f, pathbuf, &statbuf);
} else {
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *de;
send_headers(f, 200, "OK", NULL, "text/html", -1, statbuf.st_mtime);
fprintf(f, "<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Index of %s</TITLE></HEAD>\r\n<BODY>", path);
fprintf(f, "<H4>Index of %s</H4>\r\n<PRE>\n", path);
fprintf(f, "Name Last Modified Size\r\n");
fprintf(f, "<HR>\r\n");
if (len > 1) fprintf(f, "<A HREF=\"..\">..</A>\r\n");
dir = opendir(path);
while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
char timebuf[32];
struct tm *tm;
strcpy(pathbuf, path);
strcat(pathbuf, de->d_name);
stat(pathbuf, &statbuf);
tm = gmtime(&statbuf.st_mtime);
strftime(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S", tm);
fprintf(f, "<A HREF=\"%s%s\">", de->d_name, S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode) ? "/" : "");
fprintf(f, "%s%s", de->d_name, S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode) ? "/</A>" : "</A> ");
if (strlen(de->d_name) < 32) fprintf(f, "%*s", 32 - strlen(de->d_name), "");
if (S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) {
fprintf(f, "%s\r\n", timebuf);
} else {
fprintf(f, "%s %10d\r\n", timebuf, statbuf.st_size);
}
}
closedir(dir);
fprintf(f, "</PRE>\r\n<HR>\r\n<ADDRESS>%s</ADDRESS>\r\n</BODY></HTML>\r\n", SERVER);
}
}
} else {
send_file(f, path, &statbuf);
}
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int sock;
struct sockaddr_in sin;
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
sin.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);
bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &sin, sizeof(sin));
listen(sock, 5);
printf("HTTP server listening on port %d\n", PORT);
while (1) {
int s;
FILE *f;
s = accept(sock, NULL, NULL);
if (s < 0) break;
f = fdopen(s, "a+");
process(f);
fclose(f);
}
close(sock);
return 0;
}